Muita gente quer continuar estudando depois da graduação, porém tem muitas dúvidas sobre qual o melhor curso de pós fazer.

Antes de mais nada, é importante explicar o que significa o termo “pós-graduação” é sinônimo de especialização. Porém, pós-graduação é considerada toda e qualquer formação superior que você faz após a graduação. Ou seja, nessa lista entram especialização, aperfeiçoamento, MBA, mestrado, doutorado e pós-doutorado. 

Aqui nesse post vamos explicar a diferença de cada uma delas para te ajudar na escolha!

Pós-graduação lato sensu e stricto sensu 

Existe diferença entre as modalidades de pós-graduação, que podem ser lato sensu ou stricto sensu. Ambos os termos vêm do latim e possuem algumas especificidades:

  • Lato sensu significa “sentido amplo”, que são aquelas pós voltadas para o mercado de trabalho, como especialização e MBA;
  • Stricto sensu significa “sentido restrito” e tem foco no mundo acadêmico. São opções para quem quer seguir dando aulas em universidades, como mestrado, doutorado e pós doutorado. 

Tipos de pós-graduação

Especialização 

Com um curso de especialização o profissional ganha o título de especialista na área. De acordo com as normas do MEC, toda especialização deve ter uma carga horária mínima de 360 horas, que geralmente são divididas em 12 ou 18 meses. 

Para ingressar é necessário ter o diploma de ensino superior e algumas instituições podem pedir outros requisitos, como currículo ou entrevistas. Ao final do curso também é necessário apresentar o famoso Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC). 

Aperfeiçoamento 

Esses são cursos parecidos com a especialização, porém com uma carga horária bem menor, de 180 horas. Além disso, esse curso não exige apresentação de projeto ou trabalho de conclusão de curso e também não tem valor acadêmico, apenas profissional. 

MBA

O termo Master in Business Administration (MBA), na sua tradução literal, significa Mestre em Administração de Negócios. Na prática os MBAs são cursos de especialização voltados para a aplicação no mercado de trabalho, principalmente em áreas gerenciais. A duração mínima também é de 360 horas e também é necessário uma monografia. 

Mestrado

Ao contrário do que muita gente pensa, para entrar no mestrado não é necessário ter alguma outra pós-graduação antes. Ou seja, se você quiser pode ir direto da graduação para o mestrado. Aliás, muita gente que pretende seguir a carreira acadêmica faz esse caminho. Hoje em dia, devido as necessidades do mercado, existe uma diferenciação entre mestrado profissional e mestrado acadêmico. 

Veja também: Como escolher a melhor pós-graduação?

O mestrado acadêmico tem ênfase no estudo e pesquisa, para que o profissional possa seguir a carreira acadêmica. Já o profissional, apesar de também ter pesquisa, tem como objetivo transmitir um conhecimento mais rápido para o mercado. Perante o MEC eles têm a mesma validade, duram em média 2 anos e conferem ao estudante o título de mestre. 

Para ingressar em qualquer um dos tipos de mestrado é necessário apresentar um pré-projeto de pesquisa e passar pela seleção da universidade, além de ter domínio em um segundo idioma, normalmente inglês ou espanhol. 

Doutorado 

No doutorado, oficialmente, também não é necessário nenhum outro curso de pós-graduação para ingresso, mas como existe um processo de análise de currículo e as vagas são super disputadas, as universidades acabam exigindo que o candidato tenha mestrado. 

O curso tem duração média de 4 a 5 anos e poucas disciplinas obrigatórias, uma vez que a ideia é se aprofundar no objeto de pesquisa. O trabalho final do curso deve apresentar um conteúdo inédito para a área e o aluno recebe o título de doutor. 

Pós-doutorado 

O pós doutorado tem duração de até 2 anos no Brasil, segundo o Programa Nacional de Pós Doutorado/PNPD da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior/CAPES. Mas esse período pode variar de 6 meses a 6 anos em outros países. Nessa fase acadêmica, o pós-doutorando dedica-se exclusivamente para a pesquisa, sem precisar cursar matérias obrigatórias. Vale ressaltar que é possível fazer um pós-doutorado no máximo 10 anos após a conclusão do doutorado. 

Apesar de ser o maior nível que um estudante pode chegar, não existe um título para quem concluiu o pós doutorado.

Agora que você já entendeu a diferença, pelo site do Amigo Edu você pode buscar uma especialização ou MBA na sua área e conseguir uma bolsa de estudos para pós-graduação 🙂

CTA pós-graduação com o amigo edu

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