Você sabe para que serve a OAB? Caso a resposta seja não, fique tranquilo. Muita gente ainda não entende qual a função dessa entidade e qual a sua importância para um profissional formado no curso de Direito.

Mas já podemos adiantar que, para ter o direito de exercer a profissão e advogar no Brasil, é necessário passar no exame da Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil, neste caso, a OAB. Preparamos um conteúdo completo com tudo o que você precisa saber sobre a instituição e seu papel no Direito e na sociedade. Confira!

O que é OAB?

A OAB é uma entidade de classe que representa os profissionais advogados no Brasil. Foi criada em 1930 com o intuito de defender e zelar pelo cumprimento da ética profissional relacionada à advocacia no país. Além disso, a instituição desempenha uma função essencial na organização e na defesa dos direitos dos advogados.

A Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil apresenta uma estrutura de âmbito nacional, estadual e municipal. Entre as suas principais atribuições, estão:

  • Inscrição e registro dos advogados
  • Defesa das prerrogativas profissionais

O que muitas pessoas não sabem é que para exercer a função, é necessário que o estudante de bacharel em Direito realize o exame da ordem, que se trata de uma prova obrigatória. Somente após a aprovação, o advogado é inscrito nos quadros da OAB e recebe sua carteira de identificação profissional.

Leia também: Conheça 10 livros que todo estudante de Direito deve ler!

Além de representar os advogados, a OAB tem um papel importante na defesa do Estado Democrático de Direito, que é a promoção dos direitos humanos, garantia do acesso à justiça e por fim, combate à corrupção e injustiças sociais.

Como é a prova da OAB?

A prova da OAB tem como objetivo verificar a capacidade técnica e conhecimentos jurídicos dos bacharéis em Direito que queiram obter a habilitação para advogar no país. O exame é aplicado três vezes ao ano em datas diferentes, e é composto por duas etapas:

Primeira fase da OAB

A primeira fase da OAB é composta por uma prova objetiva de múltipla escolha com cerca de 80 questões, que engloba diversas áreas do Direito, como Constitucional, Civil, Penal, Trabalhista, entre muitas outras.

O que você precisa ter em mente é que, esta fase é eliminatória, ou seja, o candidato precisa acertar uma pontuação mínima de questões para conseguir avançar para a próxima fase. A quantidade de acertos varia de uma edição para outra. Mas, normalmente, o número é de 50%, isto é, 40 acertos. A prova tem duração de cinco horas.

Segunda fase da OAB

A segunda fase da OAB é diferente da primeira. Ela é uma prova prática, em que o candidato deve redigir uma peça jurídica, de acordo com a área escolhida durante a sua inscrição, que pode ser Direito Penal, Direito Civil, Direito Tributário, Direito Constitucional, Direito do Trabalho, Direito Administrativo e Direito Empresarial, além disso, precisa responder algumas questões discursivas.

O exame tem duração de cinco horas, e é nesta etapa em que o candidato deve colocar todo o seu conhecimento teórico em prática.

Importante ressaltar que nesta segunda etapa, o candidato deve alcançar 60% de aproveitamento (6 pontos), divididas nas questões dissertativas e a peça processual. Essa etapa é feita de forma qualitativa, ou seja, será levado em consideração a capacidade do profissional em apresentar argumentos jurídicos que sejam consistentes, além de aplicar a legislação pertinente de forma correta e adequada.

Como estudar para OAB?

Estudar para a OAB requer muita organização e foco. É uma prova que, sobretudo, apresenta um grau de dificuldade que demanda um planejamento de estudos sincronizados com a sua rotina.

Para entender e até mesmo saber como se organizar para o exame, você deve, primeiramente, ter conhecimento das principais legislações que são abordadas na prova, que são:

  • Ética Profissional
  • Direito Civil
  • Direito Constitucional
  • Direito Administrativo
  • Direito Penal
  • Processo Civil
  • Processo Penal

Cada pessoa tem um método de estudo que funciona melhor de acordo com o seu dia a dia e as demandas da vida pessoal. O ideal é experimentar estratégias diferentes para assim, identificar qual se alinha de acordo com as suas necessidades. Contudo, a consistência, disciplina e foco são fundamentais para obter bons resultados no exame da OAB.

Para te ajudar nessa jornada de estudos, opte por ferramentas que auxiliem e agreguem ao conhecimento. O simulado da OAB, por exemplo, é um ótimo caminho a se percorrer na hora de começar a planejar seus estudos. Através dele, você passa a entender como funciona a prova de fato. No site do Pravaler você encontra simulado completo e gratuito. Clique aqui para conferir!

Além dos simulados, outras dicas para obter um bom resultado são:

  • Leia atentamente os enunciados
  • Estude com ajuda de provas anteriores
  • Faça revisões periódicas
  • Esteja bem descansado para o dia do exame

A partir de que período é possível fazer a prova da OAB?

Para poder realizar a prova da OAB, é necessário ser bacharel em Direito. Portanto, você só pode fazer o exame após a conclusão da faculdade de Direito, que tem duração média de cinco anos.

O que levar para a prova da OAB?

Para o dia da prova da OAB, é necessário levar:

  • Documento de identificação
  • Comprovante da inscrição
  • Canetas preta ou azul
  • Lápis e borracha
  • Água e um lanche para comer durante o exame

Além desses itens, é importante que você leia atentamente o edital para ter conhecimento das orientações da OAB em relação ao que é permitido levar para o dia da prova.

Como consultar um advogado na OAB?

Você sabia que é possível consultar se um advogado é regularmente inscrito na OAB? Confira, a seguir, o passo a passo.

  • Acesse o site da OAB do seu estado
  • Procure por “Consulta de inscritos”
  • Utilize os filtros de pesquisa, que podem ser pesquisa por nome, número da OAB, área de atuação e cidade.

Agora que você já sabe o que é a OAB e como funciona a prova, é importante ressaltar que a cada edição do Exame de Ordem dos Advogados tem seus próprios requisitos de inscrição, datas e prazos. Portanto, fique atento aos editais divulgados pela entidade e mantenha-se informado sobre o período de inscrições.

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